Sufficient skill will depend entirely on the company that hires you. I know some that believe if you can feed yourself, you can be a junior dev; would I hire you? No. I want at least a basic understanding of the language and what the process is. The rest can be learned on the job, but you should know how to write basic code, how to determine what is wrong when it doesn’t behave as it should (debugging); and at least a thought of proper security practices.
Programming is really one of those things were you learn by failing. The more you do, the more you learn. While it is possible to focus just on backend, I’ve had a few roles where that was my entire focus, it is not as common. You will much more likely be a fullstack developer that can do front, back, and some database work. While this may not seem like a good thing, it is long term for career aspirations. You want to have an understanding of the entire process and you want to be able to know where the problems are.
It all didn’t click for my in the beginning and OOP was the hardest thing for my head to actually wrap around. Keep at it, take breaks, and it will start clicking eventually.